Viabilidad, seguridad y diversión durante el entrenamiento con Wii Balance Board Exergame en personas con ictus subagudo
Feasibility, Safety, and Enjoyment during Wii Balance Board Exergame Training among Individuals with Sub-acute Stroke
Resumen
Introducción. Nintendo® Wii es una plataforma de realidad virtual no inmersiva que funciona integrada con la Wii Balance Board como un sistema de biofeedback para la rehabilitación del equilibrio en pacientes después de un accidente cerebrovascular.
Objetivo. El objetivo principal era evaluar la viabilidad de emplear el entrenamiento con Wii Balance Board como un enfoque de tratamiento independiente en la práctica clínica para pacientes con apoplejía subaguda. El objetivo secundario era evaluar el estado de disfrute durante el entrenamiento con la Wii Balance Board y calcular el tamaño del efecto para un estudio definitivo.
Método. El diseño del estudio fue un ensayo piloto de control aleatorio. Reclutamos a 20 pacientes con AVC subagudo utilizando una técnica de aleatorización en bloque. Los participantes del grupo experimental recibieron entrenamiento en la Wii Balance Board durante 12 sesiones de hasta 2 semanas. Los participantes del grupo de control recibieron tratamientos estándar de fisioterapia para el equilibrio en posición erguida durante 12 sesiones de hasta 2 semanas. Las medidas de los resultados fueron la documentación clínica-log para las pruebas de viabilidad, el cuestionario de disfrute del exergame, el mini-BESTest y los FIMs.
Resultados. La tasa de matrícula y retención del estudio fue respectivamente del 80% (n = 20) y 70% en cada grupo (n = 7). Se informó que la tasa de incidencia de eventos adversos del entrenamiento Wii Fit fue del 40% (n = 4), junto con una tasa moderada de disfrute (promedio sd = 50,10 14,69; n = 10). La intervención experimental no ofreció beneficios significativos sobre la intervención de control (p = 0,539, 0,622; d = -0,280, -0,224 de Cohen; IC 95%: -1,15 a 0,60, -1,10 a 0,65).
Conclusión. El entrenamiento de exergames basado en la Wii Balance Board puede considerarse un enfoque factible y seguro para el entrenamiento del equilibrio entre pacientes con ACV subagudo. Sin embargo, los exerjuegos no pueden reemplazar la rehabilitación de equilibrio de atención estándar debido a su escasa eficacia a corto plazo.
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).