Ejercicio físico y salud mental en adolescentes: revisión de alcance
Physical Exercise and Mental Health in Adolescents: Scoping Review
Resumen
Objetivo. Identificar los ejercicios más implementados y su prescripción, además de los efectos del ejercicio en la salud mental de adolescentes.
Método. Se realizó una revisión de alcance a partir de búsqueda de bases de datos electrónicas: PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Springer, Google Académico, desde el 23/08/2023 hasta el 01/01/2024 en idioma inglés, español y portugués, incluyendo estudios tipo ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y cohortes.
Resultados. En total 7 artículos fueron incluidos: 57.14% ensayos clínicos controlados, 100% en inglés. El número de participantes fue 85.637 con edades entre 12 y 16 años. El tiempo de intervención osciló entre 8 a 43 semanas, 2 a 5 veces por semana, 1 sesión diaria, duración por sesión 10 a 120 minutos. El tipo de entrenamiento más utilizado fue Educación Física Programada, seguido del Entrenamiento de Intervalos de Alta Intensidad.
Conclusiones. Se incluyen ejercicios como Educación Física Programada, Entrenamiento de Intervalos de Alta Intensidad, Actividad física moderada a vigorosa, los cuales muestran efectos positivos en el aumento en el bienestar psicológico, calidad de vida y una disminución significativa en los síntomas de ansiedad y estrés.
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).