Family Functioning as a Possible Factor that Modulates Empathy Levels in Dental Students

Funcionamiento familiar como posible factor que modula los niveles de empatía en estudiantes de odontología

Published 2023-05-15 — Updated on 2023-07-13

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Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023)
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Research Article
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Family Functioning as a Possible Factor that Modulates Empathy Levels in Dental Students. Rev. Investig. Innov. Cienc. Salud [Internet]. 2023 Jul. 13 [cited 2024 Nov. 26];5(1):160-76. Available from: https://riics.info/index.php/RCMC/article/view/178
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https://doi.org/10.46634/riics.178
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Nuvia Estrada-Méndez
Vicerrectoría de Investigación y Proyección Social; Universidad Evangélica de El Salvador; San Salvador; El Salvador
    https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2314-3015
    Jennifer Elizabeth Aldana Salguero
    Facultad de Odontología; Universidad Evangélica de El Salvador; San Salvador; El Salvador
      https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6972-9276
      Brenda Nathaly Alfaro Ortiz
      Facultad de Odontología; Universidad Evangélica de El Salvador; San Salvador; El Salvador
        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4095-7053
        Aracelis Calzadilla-Núñez
        Departamento de Investigaciones; Universidad Bernardo OHiggins; Santiago; Chile
          https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6391-2563
          Alejandro Reyes-Reyes
          Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Comunicaciones; Universidad Santo Tomás; Concepción; Chile
            https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2404-0467
            Show authors biography

            Aim. The objective of this paper is to explore whether there are differences in the levels of empathy and its dimensions between family typologies in dental students.

            Methodology. A quantitative and not experimental study, with a cross-sectional descriptive design, a population of dental students from the Evangelical University of El Salvador, and a convenience sample were applied. The levels of empathy and family functioning were evaluated using the Jefferson Scale of Empathy for Health Professions students and the Brief Scale of Family Functioning. The construct validity of both instruments was estimated using Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The reliability was estimated using McDonald's omega and Cronbach's alpha. Comparisons of empathy and its dimensions between family typologies were made using a two-factor analysis of variance.

            Results. No statistical differences were observed in empathy and its dimensions based on family typologies. It was found that women are more empathic than men. This result is not in accordance with other studies carried out in Latin America on dental and medical students evaluating empathy and family functioning with the same instruments.

            Conclusions. The distribution of empathy levels and their dimensions are similar among the family typologies studied. Therefore, it was not found that family functioning can influence empathy in the population studied. It is necessary to continue these studies to obtain more empirical evidence regarding the influence of family functioning on empathy.

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