Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on a healthy and physically active person. Case report and update of the main findings
Impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en persona sana y físicamente activa. Reporte de un caso y actualización de los principales hallazgos
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Introduction. Not all people exposed to COVID-19 develop a severe respiratory disease and the number of young adults without previous pathologies, seriously affected by the virus, is increasing. Many of non-specific symptoms and complications have been evidenced after the recovery.
Objective. To evaluate the repercussions in a healthy and physically active subject who presented serious medical complications and post-COVID-19 complications.
Case report. A 41-year-old man, physically active and without known diseases, in whom SARS-CoV2 infection with a positive PCR test is documented. He required 22 days in the ICU, 17 days in general hospitalization, 57 days of disability and after twelve months there is evident weight and memory loss, difficulty thinking and concentrating, loss of muscle mass, compromised liver function, tiredness and fatigue, muscle pain, sleep problems, changes in mood, and alterations in the taste. According to the current findings, the production of a type of antibody prevents the immune system from having an adequate response against the disease. In addition to this, a new gateway for the virus into the body has been described: the protein neuropilin- 1 (NRP1), as well as the possible decrease in surfactant that allows the flexibility of the lungs. This could provide answers to complications in healthy and physically active people after COVID-19 infection.
Conclusions. Understanding that COVID-19 is a recent disease, there is still a lot of information to collect to understand its behavior in the human body. However, research is providing evidence on why COVID-19 can cause serious medical complications in healthy and physically active people. Understanding that it is a multifactorial situation, more research is necessary with this population in order to carry out clinical management approaches according to the disease and avoid fatal outcomes.
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