Parámetros vocales para definir la severidad de una disfonía

Vocal parameters to determine severity of voice disorders

Publicado 2020-12-28

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Vol. 2 Núm. 2 (2020): Vocología
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Parámetros vocales para definir la severidad de una disfonía. Rev. Investig. Innov. Cienc. Salud [Internet]. 2020 Dec. 28 [cited 2024 Nov. 24];2(2):14–30. Available from: https://riics.info/index.php/RCMC/article/view/39
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https://doi.org/10.46634/riics.39
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0 Internacional (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). 

Carlos Alberto Calvache-Mora
Programa de Fonoaudiología; Corporación Universitaria Iberoamericana; Vocology Center; Bogotá; Colombia.
    https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5403-1852
    Mostrar biografía de los autores

    Introducción: la severidad de una disfonía da cuenta del grado de alteración que tiene una voz en relación con todos los procesos fisiológicos involucrados con la producción del sonido. Es importante determinar el nivel de severidad a fin de establecer un programa con el conjunto de ejercicios que permitan una rehabilitación apropiada.

    Objetivo: comprender si el comportamiento de los diferentes parámetros aerodinámicos, electroglotográficos, acústicos y de autorreporte vocal permite o no determinar la severidad de una disfonía.

    Método: se evaluaron 55 sujetos con diferentes tipos de disfonía según parámetros aerodinámicos, electroglotográficos, acústicos y de autorreporte vocal. La muestra fue dividida en 3 grupos de acuerdo con el grado de gravedad de la patología. Se aplicó un análisis de varianza para comparar el comportamiento de las variables dependientes en relación con los niveles de severidad de la disfonía. Con el fin de determinar las diferencias entre estos niveles, se aplicó la prueba Post hoc (Tukey) a las variables significativas.

    Resultados: es posible determinar el nivel de severidad de una disfonía a partir de parámetros acústicos como el CPP, HNR y el cociente de pendiente espectral 1/5-5/8Khz. También se puede hacer por medio de cuestionarios de autorreporte vocal como el VOISS, el VHI y el VTDS.

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