Desarrollo de la condición física mediante ejercicios de simulación para corredores de esquí de 13-14 años. Estudio cuasi-experimental no aleatorizado

Development of Physical Fitness Through Simulation Exercises for Ski Racers Aged 13-14. Non-Randomized Quasi-Experimental Study

Publicado 2023-12-14

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Vol. 6 Núm. 2 (2024)
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Artículos de investigación
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Desarrollo de la condición física mediante ejercicios de simulación para corredores de esquí de 13-14 años. Estudio cuasi-experimental no aleatorizado. Rev. Investig. Innov. Cienc. Salud [Internet]. 2023 Dec. 14 [cited 2025 Jan. 15];6(2):177-88. Available from: https://riics.info/index.php/RCMC/article/view/267
DOI

https://doi.org/10.46634/riics.267
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Creative Commons License

Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.

Georgiy Polevoy
Department of Physical Education; Moscow Polytechnic University; Moscow; Russia
    https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3300-3908
    Héctor Fuentes-Barría
    Facultad de Odontología; Universidad Andrés Bello; Concepción; Chile. / Universidad Arturo Prat; Iquique; Chile.
      https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0774-0848
      Raúl Aguilera-Eguía
      Departamento de Salud Pública; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción; Concepción; Chile
        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4123-4255
        Mostrar biografía de los autores

        Introducción. En las últimas décadas, el nivel de rendimiento del esquí en Rusia ha disminuido significativamente. Esto plantea nuevos desafíos en la preparación de los atletas para las competiciones y el proceso de entrenamiento.

        Objetivo. Analizar los efectos de las herramientas de entrenamiento por simulación sobre la condición física de corredores de esquí de entre 13 y 14 años.

        Métodos. Estudio cuasiexperimental, no aleatorizado. 40 esquiadores de fondo de entre 13 y 14 años pertenecientes a la escuela deportiva Korshik Village (Rusia) fueron asignados a un grupo control (n=20) y experimental (n=20). Las clases en el grupo de control se llevaron a cabo según el plan de entrenamiento habitual y en el grupo experimental se utilizaron ejercicios de simulación. Las pruebas de control incluyen dominadas, sentadillas, salto de longitud con dos piernas, escalada simulada de 100 metros y una prueba de carrera de 500 metros.

        Resultados. El grupo control no presentó mejoras significativas (p>0,05), mientras que el grupo experimental reportó mejoras significativas en dominadas (22,2%; p<0,05), sentadilla (5,9%; p<0,05), salto de longitud a dos piernas (6,8%; p<0,05), simulación de escalada de 100 metros (7,8%; p<0,05) y carrera de 500 metros (4,2%; p<0,05).

        Conclusión. Si en el periodo preparatorio se incluye una serie de ejercicios de simulación en el programa de entrenamiento para esquiadores de 13-14 años, el nivel de condición física de los deportistas mejorará significativamente.

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