Vocal Demand Response to the Educational Setting Based Communication Scenarios: A Single Subject Study

Respuesta de la demanda vocal a los escenarios de comunicación basados en el entorno educativo: Un estudio de sujeto único

Abstract


Objectives. This was a single-subject study, aimed to demonstrate different vocal demand situations that are typical for primary school and teacher's vocal demand response under two acoustical conditions, with and without voice amplification, during five working days.


Methods. The long-term voice dosimetry with Vocal Holter Med (PR.O. Voice Srl) was carried out on a 49-year-old female teacher with voice disorders during daily teaching activities. A sound field amplification system (SFAS) PentaClass Runa was installed in the classroom. Voice dosimetry was provided under two different acoustical conditions: without SFAS (2 days) and with SFAS (3 days).


Results. Phonation time percentage, sound pressure level (SPL), SPL SD, fundamental frequency (F0), F0 SD, cycle, and distance doses were investigated in seven communication scenarios (lessons, group/individual classes, sports lessons in the gym and schoolyard, breaks, lunch breaks, and other activities). The median scores of all voice parameters differed significantly between different vocal demand contexts. The significant statistical difference in the vocal demand response was in the communication situations with and without SFAS. In addition, the number of children, reverberation time, and ambient air relative humidity impacted voice SPL and the cycle dose.


Conclusions. Lessons, sports lessons held in the gym or schoolyard, breaks, and lunch breaks were considered as high vocal demand communication situations requiring higher voice intensity and fundamental frequency, higher phonation time percentage, cycle, and distance doses. Group/individual work and other teacher activities during the day, unrelated to direct work with students, were categorized as low vocal demand communication scenarios.


Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Citado por


Authors


Baiba Trinīte Voice & Speech Research Laboratory; Liepaja University; Liepaja; Latvia

References


Hunter EJ, Cantor-Cutiva LC, van Leer E, van Mersbergen M, Nanjundeswaran CD, Bottalico P, et al. Toward a Consensus Description of Vocal Effort, Vocal Load, Vocal Loading, and Vocal Fatigue. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2020 Feb 26;63(2):509-32. doi: https://doi.org/10.1044/2019_JSLHR-19-00057

Vilkman E. Occupational safety and health aspects of voice and speech professions. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2004 Jul-Aug;56(4):220-53. doi: https://doi.org/10.1159/000078344

Fellman D, Simberg S. Prevalence and Risk Factors for Voice Problems Among Soccer Coaches. J Voice. 2017 Jan;31(1):121.e9-121.e15. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.02.003

Hagelberg AM, Simberg S. Prevalence of Voice Problems in Priests and Some Risk Factors Contributing to Them. J Voice. 2015 May;29(3):389.e11-389.e18. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.08.015

Sala E, Laine A, Simberg S, Pentti J, Suonpaa J. The prevalence of voice disorders among day care center teachers compared with nurses: a questionnaire and clinical study. J Voice. 2001 Sep;15(3):413-23. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(01)00042-X

Trinite B, Barute D, Blauzde O, Ivane M, Paipare M, Sleze D, et al. Choral Conductors Vocal Loading in Rehearsal Simulation Conditions. J Voice. 2022 Mar 7;S0892-1997(22)00024-8. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2022.01.025

Martins RHG, Pereira ERBN, Hidalgo CB, Tavares ELM. Voice Disorders in Teachers. A Review. J Voice. 2014 Nov;28(6):716-24. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2014.02.008

Byeon H. The Risk Factors Related to Voice Disorder in Teachers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Sep 30;16(19):3675. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193675

Pinto Giannini SP, Ferreira LP. Voice disorders in teachers and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Revista de Investigación e Innovación en Ciencias de la Salud. 2021;3(1):33-47. doi: https://doi.org/10.46634/riics.60

Roy N, Merrill RM, Thibeault S, Parsa RA, Gray SD, Smith EM. Prevalence of voice disorders in teachers and the general population. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2004 Apr;47(2):281-93. doi: https://doi.org/10.1044/1092-4388(2004/023)

Bermúdez de Alvear RM, Barón FJ, Martínez-Arquero AG. School teachers' vocal use, risk factors, and voice disorder prevalence: guidelines detect teachers with current voice problems. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2011;63(4):209-15. doi: https://doi.org/10.1159/000316310

Trinite B. Epidemiology of Voice Disorders in Latvian School Teachers. J Voice. 2017 Jul;31(4): 508.e1-508.e9. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.10.014

Sala E, Rantala L. Voice Ergonomics: Occupational and Professional Voice Care. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing; 2019. 289 p.

Cantor Cutiva LC, Vogel I, Burdorf A. Voice disorders in teachers and their associations with work-related factors: a systematic review. J Commun Disord. 2013 Mar-Apr;46(2):143-55. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcomdis.2013.01.001

Morrow SL, Connor NP. Voice Amplification as a Means of Reducing Vocal Load for Elementary Music Teachers. J Voice. 2011 Jul;25(4):441-6. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2010.04.003

Švec JG, Popolo PS, Titze IR. Measurement of vocal doses in speech: experimental procedure and signal processing. Logoped Phoniatr Vocol. 2003;28(4):181-92. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/14015430310018892

Cantor Cutiva LC, Puglisi GE, Astolfi A, Carullo A. Four-day Follow-up Study on the Self-reported Voice Condition and Noise Condition of Teachers: Relationship Between Vocal Parameters and Classroom Acoustics. J Voice. 2017 Jan;31(1):120.e1-120.e8. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2016.02.017

Bottalico P, Astolfi A. Investigations into vocal doses and parameters pertaining to primary school teachers in classrooms. J Acoust Soc Am. 2012 Apr;131(4):2817-27. doi: https://doi.org/10.1121/1.3689549

Pirilä S, Pirilä P, Ansamaa T, Yliherva A, Sonning S, Rantala L. Relationship between activity noise, voice parameters, and voice symptoms among female teachers. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2017;69(3):94-102. doi: https://doi.org/10.1159/000484204

Kristiansen J, Lund SP, Persson R, Shibuya H, Nielsen PM, Scholz M. A study of classroom acoustics and school teachers' noise exposure, voice load and speaking time during teaching, and the effects on vocal and mental fatigue development. Int Arch Occup Environ Health. 2014 Nov;87(8):851-60. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00420-014-0927-8

Echternach M, Nusseck M, Dippold S, Spahn C, Richter B. Fundamental frequency, sound pressure level and vocal dose of a vocal loading test in comparison to a real teaching situation. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol. 2014 Dec;271(12):3263-8. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00405-014-3200-6

Nusseck M, Immerz A, Richter B, Traser L. Vocal Behavior of Teachers Reading with Raised Voice in a Noisy Environment. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 22;19(15):8929. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19158929

International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Measurement of room acoustic parameters - part 1: performance spaces. Geneva: ISO. Standard No. ISO 3382-1:2009.

Kuttruff H. Room Acoustics. 4th ed. [Internet]. London: Spon Press; 2009 [cited 2023 Mar 14]. 369 p. Available from: https://danylastchild07.files.wordpress.com/2016/05/room-acoustics-kuttruff.pdf

Lei Z, Fasanella L, Martignetti L, Li-Jessen NY, Mongeau L. Investigation of Vocal Fatigue Using a Dose-Based Vocal Loading Task. Appl Sci (Basel). 2020 Feb;10(3):1192. doi: https://doi.org/10.3390/app10031192

Assad JP, Gama ACC, Santos JN, de Castro Magalhaes M. The Effects of Amplification on Vocal Dose in Teachers with Dysphonia. J Voice. 2019 Jan;33(1):73-9. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2017.09.011

Gaskill CS, O'Brien SG, Tinter SR. The effect of voice amplification on occupational vocal dose in elementary school teachers. J Voice. 2012 Sep;26(5):667.e19-27. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvoice.2011.10.010

Szabo Portela A, Hammarberg B, Södersten M. Speaking fundamental frequency and phonation time during work and leisure time in vocally healthy preschool teachers measured with a voice accumulator. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2014;65(2):84-90. doi: https://doi.org/10.1159/000354673

Södersten M, Granqvist S, Hammarberg B, Szabo A. Vocal behavior and vocal loading factors for preschool teachers at work studied with binaural DAT recordings. J Voice. 2002 Sep;16(3):356-71. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0892-1997(02)00107-8

Vintturi J, Alku P, Lauri ER, Sala E, Sihvo M, Vilkman E. The Effects of Post-Loading Rest on Acoustic Parameters with Special Reference to Gender and Ergonomic Factors. Folia Phoniatr Logop. 2001;53(6):338-50. doi: https://doi.org/10.1159/000052687

International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Ergonomics - Assessment of speech communication. Geneva: ISO. Standard No. ISO 9921;2022.

Trinite B. The Comprehension of the Concepts of Noise and Silence in Primary School Children. In: Lubkina V, Danilane L, editors. Society. Integration. Education. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference. 2020 May 22-23; Rezekne, Latvia; 2020. p. 618-27. doi: https://doi.org/10.17770/sie2020vol3.4832

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.