Exploratory Factorial Study of Empathy in Teachers of a Faculty of Dentistry

Estudio factorial exploratorio de empatía en docentes de una facultad de odontología

Published 2024-02-15

Open | Download
HTML Icon XML Icon PDF Icon Flip Icon
Issue
Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024)
Section
Research Article
How to Cite
1.
Exploratory Factorial Study of Empathy in Teachers of a Faculty of Dentistry. Rev. Investig. Innov. Cienc. Salud [Internet]. 2024 Feb. 15 [cited 2024 Nov. 21];6(2):151-6. Available from: https://riics.info/index.php/RCMC/article/view/226
DOI

https://doi.org/10.46634/riics.226
Dimensions
PlumX
license
Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Ariel-Alfonso Alvarado-Galarce
Facultad de Odontología; Universidad Andres Bello; Santiago; Chile.
    https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8277-4450
    Cesia-Belén Faúndez-Maureira
    Facultad de Odontología; Universidad Andres Bello; Santiago; Chile.
      https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1590-5509
      Chris Alarcón-Ureta
      Facultad de Odontología; Universidad Andres Bello; Santiago; Chile.
        https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1060-9051
        Jorge Nakouzi Momares
        Facultad de Odontología; Universidad Andres Bello; Santiago; Chile.
          https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0332-1550
          Catherine-Denisse Salas-Aguayo
          Facultad de Odontología; Universidad Andres Bello; Santiago; Chile.
            https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1959-5664
            Show authors biography

            Objective. To explore the latent dimensions, present in the 20 items of the empathy construct, measured in teachers of a dental school.

            Methodology. Dental teachers belonging to the Faculty of Dentistry of the Andrés Bello University, Santiago, consisting of 145 teachers of both sexes, in which 88.27% participated. The instrument applied was the Jefferson Empathy Scale for Health Professionals. Compliance with the model and the measurement of empathy levels was verified by means of exploratory factor analysis. The empathy measurement model was built using exploratory factor analysis. The level of significance used was α<0.005.

            Results. The overall results indicate that empathy levels are adequate. A three-factor model can be established. Within the Compassionate Care dimension, belonging to Emotional Empathy there is one item (14), which presented a significant correlation with Perspective Taking with the patient belonging to Cognitive Empathy.

            Conclusions. A three-dimensional model of empathy in undergraduate teachers with the patient is established. The items of each of the dimensions correlated with each other in agreement with the original model of empathy. These findings should be corroborated by a confirmatory factor analysis.

            Article visits 320 | PDF visits 59

            1. Diccionario de la Real Academia Española (RAE), 23.ª ed. Empatía [Internet] [citado 2023-10-10]. Disponible en: https://dle.rae.es/empat%C3%ADa
            2. Díaz-Narváez VP, Calzadilla-Núñez A, Reyes-Reyes A, Silva-Vetri MG, Torres-Martínez P, González-Díaz ES, et al. Psychometry and Cut-off Points of the Jefferson Scale of Empathy in Medical Students in Central America and the Caribbean. P R Health Sci J [Internet]. 2022 Mar 17;41(1):22-8. Disponible en: https://prhsj.rcm.upr.edu/index.php/prhsj/article/view/2453/1427
            3. Díaz-Narváez VP, Silva-Vetri MG, Stocklin Boni, González-Díaz E, Calzadilla-Núñez A, Torres-Martínez P, et al. Empathy levels among dental students and professors from a dental school in the Dominican Republic. Rev Fac Med [Internet]. 2022;70(2):1-10. doi: https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v70n2.90850
            4. Díaz-Narváez VP, Silva-Vetri MG, Calzadilla-Núñez A, García ALL, Lopez A de la P, Reyes-Reyes A. Empathy in Professors and Students of a School of Dentistry in the Caribbean. Pesqui Bras Odontopediatria Clín Integr [Internet]. 2022; 22:1-9. doi: https://doi.org/10.1590/pboci.2022.043
            5. Arce Gamarra A, Galantini Velarde K. Sistema límbico y educación emocional. Aletheia [Internet] 2017;5(1):43-5. doi: https://doi.org/10.33539/aletheia.2017.n5.2102
            6. Merino Villeneuve I. Una nueva vacuna: la vacuna del autoconocimiento. Bases neurobiológicas de la conducta humana. El juego entre el cerebro instintivo-emocional y el cerebro racional. Rev Pediatr Aten Primaria. 2016;18(70):85-91. Disponible en: https://tinyurl.com/ylgcw3a3
            7. Rodríguez-Saltos ER, Moya-Martínez ME, Rodríguez-Gámez M. Importancia de la empatía docente-estudiante como estrategia para el desarrollo académico. Dom Cien [Internet]. 2020;6(2):23-50. Disponible en: https://dominiodelasciencias.com/ojs/index.php/es/article/view/1205
            8. Camacho G, Rodas Zambrano MI, Carrión Suarez FG. Capacidad de empatía en docentes de Medicina de la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador. Rev Cuba de Educ Medica Super [Internet]. 2019;33(3):1-17. Disponible en: https://ems.sld.cu/index.php/ems/article/view/1724
            9. Barrera-Gil D, Estrada-Méndez N, Arévalo Y, Calzadilla-Núñez A, Díaz-Narváez VP. Empatía en estudiantes de medicina de la República de El Salvador: estudio transversal. J Healthc Qual Res [Internet]. 2018;33(3):136-43. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhqr.2018.03.002
            10. Barraza MA, More C, Calzadilla-Núñez A, Aguilera F, Díaz-Narváez VP. Empatía, componentes de la empatía y declinación empática en estudiantes de nutrición y dietética. Salud Uninorte [Internet]. 2019;35(3):360-73. doi: https://doi.org/10.14482/sun.35.3.152.41
            11. Morales Rodríguez FM, Narváez Peláez MA. Efecto del curso sobre la empatía cognitiva y emocional en universitarios malagueños. Opcion [Internet]. 2015;31(3):883-96. Disponible en: https://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/opcion/article/view/20517
            12. Hair JF, Anderson RE, Babin BJ, Black WC. Multivariate Data Analysis. 8a ed. Andover: Cengage; 2019. 832 p.
            13. Díaz-Narváez VP. Metodología de la Investigación Científica y Bioestadística para Profesionales y Estudiantes de Ciencias de la Salud. 1a ed. San Salvador: Editorial UEES; 2019. 640 p.
            14. Lloret-Segura S, Ferreres-Traver A, Hernández-Baeza A, Tomás-Marco I. El análisis factorial exploratorio de los ítems: una guía práctica, revisada y actualizada. An Psicol. 2014;30(3):1151-69. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesps.30.3.199361
            15. Méndez C, Rondón MA. Introducción al análisis factorial exploratorio. Rev. Colomb. Psiquiat. 2012;41(1):197-207. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0034-7450(14)60077-9
            16. Beavers AS, Lounsbury JW, Richards JK, Huck SW, Skolits GJ, Esquivel SL. Practical Considerations for Using Exploratory Factor Analysis in Educational Research. Pract Assess Res Eval [Internet]. 2013;18:1-13. doi: https://doi.org/10.7275/qv2q-rk76
            17. Asociación Médica Mundial (AMM). Declaración de Helsinki de la AMM - Principios éticos para las investigaciones médicas en seres humanos [Internet]. 1964. Disponible en: https://tinyurl.com/y92zz49v
            18. Charon R. Narrative Medicine: A Model for Empathy, Reflection, Profession, and Trust. JAMA [Internet]. 2001;286(15):1897-902. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.286.15.1897
            19. Filippetti VA, López MB, Richaud MC. Neuropsychological Approach to the Empathy Construct: Cognitive and Neuroanatomical Aspects. Cuad neuropsicol [Internet]. 2012;6(1):63-83. Disponible en: https://www.cnps.cl/index.php/cnps/article/view/136
            20. Preusche I, Lamm C. Reflections on empathy in medical education: What can we learn from social neurosciences? Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract. 2016;21(1):235-49. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10459-015-9581-5
            21. Díaz-Narváez VP, Alonso-Palacio LM, Caro SE, Silva M, Castillo JA, Bilbao J, et al. Compassionate care component of the construct empathy in medical students in Colombia and Dominican Republic. Acta Médica Mediterr [Internet]. 2017;33:115-21. doi: https://doi.org/10.19193/0393-6384_2017_1_018
            22. Calzadilla-Núñez A, Díaz-Narváez VP, Dávila Pontón Y, Aguilera-Muño J, Fortich-Mesa N, Aparicio-Marenco D, et al. Erosion of empathy during medical training by gender. A cross-sectional study. Arch Argent Pediatr [Internet]. 2017;115(6):556-61. doi: https://doi.org/10.5546/aap.2017.eng.556
            23. Hojat M, DeSantis J, Shannon SC, Mortensen LH, Speicher MR, Bragan L, et al. The Jefferson Scale of Empathy: a nationwide study of measurement properties, underlying components, latent variable structure, and national norms in medical students. Adv Health Sci Educ Theory Pract [Internet]. 2018;23(5):899-920. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10459-018-9839-9
            24. Hojat M. Empathy in health professions education and patient care. 1era ed. Switzerland: Springer; 2016. 490 p. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-27625-0
            25. Goleman D. Inteligencia Emocional. Barcelona: Editorial Kairós; 2010. 510 p.
            26. Lelorain S, Brédart A, Dolbeault S, Sultan S. A systematic review of the associations between empathy measures and patient outcomes in cancer care. Psychooncology [Internet]. 2012;21(12):1255-64. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pon.2115
            27. Araya Vallespir C, Bustos Leal A, Castillo F, Oliva Belmar P, Araya Gozalvo J. Determinación de la Calidad del Servicio Odontológico de un Centro de Salud Pública Basado en Intangibles. Talcahuano, Chile. Int J Odontostomat [Internet]. 2012;6(3):349-54. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0718-381x2012000300018
            28. González BS, Jiménez CME, Triana EJ, Ureña JL, García J, Carillo JD, et al. Recomendaciones para mejorar la práctica Odontológica. Rev CONAMED [Internet]. 2003;8(1):29-38. Disponible en: https://tinyurl.com/yvwdhgc8
            29. Cavanaugh JT, Ellis TD, Earhart GM, Ford MP, Foreman KB, Dibble LE. Capturing Ambulatory Activity Decline in Parkinson’s Disease. J Neurol Phys Ther [Internet]. 2012;36(2):51-7. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/NPT.0b013e318254ba7a
            30. Freiberg Hoffmann A, Stover JB, de la Iglesia G, Fernández Liporace M. Correlaciones policóricas y tetracóricas en estudios factoriales exploratorios y confirmatorios. Cienc Psicol [Internet]. 2013;7(2):151-64. doi: https://doi.org/10.22235/cp.v7i1.1057
            31. Ferrando PJ, Lorenzo-Seva U, Hernández-Dorado A, Muñiz J. Decálogo para el Análisis Factorial de los Ítems de un Test. Psicothema [Internet]. 2022;34(1):7-17. doi: https://doi.org/10.7334/psicothema2021.456
            Publish with RIICS

            Scimago

            Most read in the last 30 days

            Sistema OJS 3.4.0.7 - Metabiblioteca |