Efecto inmediato de dos ejercicios con tracto vocal semiocluido en el contacto glótico de usuarios ocupacionales de la voz

Immediate effect of two semi-occluded vocal tract exercises in glottal contact of occupational voice users

Publicado 2022-02-05

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Vol. 4 Núm. 1 (2022)
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Artículos de investigación
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Efecto inmediato de dos ejercicios con tracto vocal semiocluido en el contacto glótico de usuarios ocupacionales de la voz. Rev. Investig. Innov. Cienc. Salud [Internet]. 2022 Feb. 5 [cited 2024 Nov. 19];4(1):26-42. Available from: https://riics.info/index.php/RCMC/article/view/76
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https://doi.org/10.46634/riics.76
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.

Fernando Delprado-Aguirre
Facultad de Medicina; Universidad Nacional de Colombia; Bogota; Colombia.
    https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0097-0475
    Luisa Fernanda Ángel Gordillo
    Facultad de Medicina; Universidad Nacional de Colombia; Bogota; Colombia.
      https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8435-1566
      Carlos Alberto Calvache-Mora
      Vocology Center; Bogotá; Colombia.
        https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5403-1852
        Mostrar biografía de los autores

        Introducción. Los docentes son usuarios ocupacionales de la voz con alto riesgo de desarrollar patologías vocales a causa de su labor. Para enfrentar esta problemática, suelen usarse ejercicios con tracto vocal semiocluido (TVSO), estrategia de educación/rehabilitación empleada para generar un cambio en el patrón de vibración de los pliegues vocales, minimizando el riesgo de lesión vocal al reducir el estrés de colisión al que se someten los tejidos. Diversos reportes han indicado que este tratamiento tiene efectos en el cociente de cierre (CQ), medida indirecta del estrés de colisión.

        Objetivo. Examinar el efecto fisiológico de dos ejercicios con TVSO en la actividad laríngea de profesores con esfuerzo vocal constante pero sin patología vocal.

        Metodología. Se registraron muestras de 43 profesores antes, durante y después de la realización de dos ejercicios con TVSO (vibración lingual y fonación en tubos). Las muestras de electroglotografía se analizaron para obtener el CQ.

        Resultados y conclusión. Se observó una diferencia significativa al comparar los valores del CQ antes y durante la realización de ambos ejercicios. No se encontraron cambios en este parámetro después de ejecutar la actividad. Estos hallazgos concuerdan con reportes previos en los cuales el CQ tiende a aumentar durante la fonación en tubos; contrariamente, la realización de la vibración lingual tiende a decrecer el valor del CQ. Es posible que este comportamiento se deba a los mecanismos biomecánicos particulares de cada ejercicio.

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