Rehabilitación vocal fisiológica con ejercicios de tracto vocal semiocluido

Physiologic voice rehabilitation with semi-occluded vocal tract exercises

Publicado 2021-08-03

Portada Vol. 3, Num. 1.
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Vol. 3 Núm. 1 (2021)
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Rehabilitación vocal fisiológica con ejercicios de tracto vocal semiocluido. Rev. Investig. Innov. Cienc. Salud [Internet]. 2021 Aug. 3 [cited 2024 Dec. 21];3(1):61-86. Available from: https://riics.info/index.php/RCMC/article/view/68
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https://doi.org/10.46634/riics.68
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.

Carlos Manzano Aquiahuatl
Hospital Médica Sur/Centro Médico ABC; Ciudad de México; México.
    https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7209-7700
    Marco Guzmán
    Escuela de Fonoaudiología; Facultad de Medicina; Universidad de los Andes; Chile.
      https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2088-4870
      Mostrar biografía de los autores

      Introducción. Los ejercicios de tracto vocal semiocluido (ETVSO) son herramientas utilizadas en la rehabilitación fisiológica de la voz. Los ETVSO son ejercicios vocales producidos por la semioclusión del tracto vocal, a través de una serie de posturas que buscan alargar y/o ocluir el tracto vocal, generando un cambio en el patrón vibratorio de los pliegues vocales, grado de aducción y el patrón respiratorio. Los ETVSO pueden dividirse, según el tipo de semioclusión, en sostenida, transitoria y oscilatoria, así como en ejercicios de mayor resistencia a menor resistencia.

      Objetivo. Describir los diferentes tipos de ejercicios de tracto vocal semiocluido, el tipo de semioclusión, el grado de resistencia y sus efectos en los pliegues vocales, patrón respiratorio y configuración del tracto vocal.

      Metodología. Se realizó una revisión de la literatura en las bases de datos PubMed, Medline y Science Direct, usando los siguientes términos: “Semi-Occluded Vocal Tract Postures”, "tract vocal semiocclude” y “ejercicios de tracto vocal semiocluido”. Se utilizaron operadores booleanos "AND" y "OR" para especificar la búsqueda.

      Resultados. Los beneficios de estos ejercicios impactan positivamente en variables aerodinámicas, en la función glótica y en la configuración del tracto vocal.

      Conclusiones. Los ejercicios de tracto vocal semiocluido son una familia de ejercicios vocales producidos por semioclusión sostenida, transitoria y oscilatoria del tracto vocal, a través de una serie de posturas que buscan alargar y/o ocluir el tracto vocal, cuyos beneficios impactan positivamente los pliegues vocales y el tracto vocal.

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