Metanálisis de los efectos del entrenamiento de estabilidad del core en el rendimiento de 50 metros estilo libre en hombres y mujeres

Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Core Stability Training on 50-Meter Freestyle Performance in Men and Women

Publicado 2024-12-16

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Vol. 7 Núm. 1 (2025)
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Artículos de revisión
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1.
Metanálisis de los efectos del entrenamiento de estabilidad del core en el rendimiento de 50 metros estilo libre en hombres y mujeres. Rev. Investig. Innov. Cienc. Salud [Internet]. 2024 Dec. 16 [cited 2024 Dec. 22];7(1):1-14. Available from: https://riics.info/index.php/RCMC/article/view/359
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https://doi.org/10.46634/riics.359
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.

Sebastián Rodríguez
Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud image/svg+xml
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6094-4984
Catalina León-Prieto
Universidad del Rosario image/svg+xml
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3364-182X
María Fernanda Rodríguez Jaime
Universidad de Santiago de Compostela image/svg+xml
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1791-0660
Alejandra Noguera Peña
Clínica Universidad de la Sabana
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3845-9655
Mostrar biografía de los autores

Introducción. El entrenamiento de estabilidad del core (CST) ha ganado cada vez más relevancia en los deportes debido a su potencial para mejorar el rendimiento atlético y reducir el riesgo de lesiones, particularmente en natación. Los 50 metros estilo libre son una prueba de rendimiento clave en natación, y comprender el impacto del CST en esta prueba específica es esencial para optimizar los programas de entrenamiento.

Objetivo. Este metanálisis tuvo como objetivo evaluar los efectos del CST en el rendimiento de nadadores masculinos y femeninos en los 50 metros estilo libre.

Métodos. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en PubMed, Bireme, Scopus y Web of Science (WOS), siguiendo las pautas del Manual Cochrane. El riesgo de sesgo se evaluó utilizando la escala ROB2, mientras que la calidad de los estudios se evaluó con las listas de verificación SIGN y CONSORT. Los datos se analizaron utilizando un metanálisis de efectos fijos en RevMan-Web, y la heterogeneidad se evaluó utilizando las pruebas  I2 y X2 .

Resultados. De los 2.323 registros identificados, 7 estudios cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. El metanálisis reveló que el CST mejoró significativamente el rendimiento en los 50 metros estilo libre, con una reducción de tiempo de -1,06 segundos (IC del 95 % = -1,52, -0,60) en nadadores masculinos y -3,28 segundos (IC del 95 % = -4,57, -1,99) en nadadoras femeninas.

Conclusión. Se descubrió que el CST era eficaz para mejorar el rendimiento en los 50 metros estilo libre, en particular en nadadoras femeninas. Estos hallazgos respaldan el uso del CST como una valiosa estrategia de entrenamiento para los científicos deportivos y los entrenadores que buscan mejorar el rendimiento en la natación.

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