Ejercicio físico y salud mental en adolescentes: revisión de alcance

Physical Exercise and Mental Health in Adolescents: Scoping Review

Publicado 2024-12-16

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Vol. 7 Núm. 1 (2025)
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Artículos de revisión
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1.
Ejercicio físico y salud mental en adolescentes: revisión de alcance. Rev. Investig. Innov. Cienc. Salud [Internet]. 2024 Dec. 16 [cited 2024 Dec. 22];7(1):1-21. Available from: https://riics.info/index.php/RCMC/article/view/328
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https://doi.org/10.46634/riics.328
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.

Nathali Carvajal Tello
Universidad Santiago de Cali image/svg+xml
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5930-7934
Alejandro Segura-Ordoñez
Universidad Santiago de Cali image/svg+xml
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8925-2244
Hilary Andrea Banguero Oñate
Universidad Santiago de Cali image/svg+xml
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4598-7128
Juan David Hurtado Mosquera
Universidad Santiago de Cali image/svg+xml
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2012-5591
Mostrar biografía de los autores

Nathali Carvajal Tello,

Programa de Fisioterapia; Facultad de Salud; Universidad Santiago de Cali; Cali; Colombia.

Alejandro Segura-Ordoñez,

1 Programa de Fisioterapia; Facultad de Salud; Universidad Santiago de Cali; Cali; Colombia.
2 Facultad de Salud; Universidad del Valle; Cali; Colombia.

Hilary Andrea Banguero Oñate,

Programa de Fisioterapia; Facultad de Salud; Universidad Santiago de Cali; Cali; Colombia.

Juan David Hurtado Mosquera,

Programa de Fisioterapia; Facultad de Salud; Universidad Santiago de Cali; Cali; Colombia.

Objetivo. Identificar los ejercicios más implementados y su prescripción, además de los efectos del ejercicio en la salud mental de adolescentes.

Método. Se realizó una revisión de alcance a partir de búsqueda de bases de datos electrónicas: PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Springer, Google Académico, desde el 23/08/2023 hasta el 01/01/2024 en idioma inglés, español y portugués, incluyendo estudios tipo ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y cohortes.

Resultados. En total 7 artículos fueron incluidos: 57.14% ensayos clínicos controlados, 100% en inglés. El número de participantes fue 85.637 con edades entre 12 y 16 años. El tiempo de intervención osciló entre 8 a 43 semanas, 2 a 5 veces por semana, 1 sesión diaria, duración por sesión 10 a 120 minutos. El tipo de entrenamiento más utilizado fue Educación Física Programada, seguido del Entrenamiento de Intervalos de Alta Intensidad.

Conclusiones. Se incluyen ejercicios como Educación Física Programada, Entrenamiento de Intervalos de Alta Intensidad, Actividad física moderada a vigorosa, los cuales muestran efectos positivos en el aumento en el bienestar psicológico, calidad de vida y una disminución significativa en los síntomas de ansiedad y estrés.

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