Adaptación transcultural y validación de un cuestionario genérico de aceptabilidad al español
Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of a Generic Acceptability Questionnaire to Spanish

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Objetivo. Adaptar y validar al español el cuestionario genérico TFA de aceptabilidad.
Métodos. En la fase inicial de este estudio observacional de dos fases se realizó una traducción y adaptación del instrumento original. La segunda fase consistió en aplicar esta versión a 194 adultos mayores tras un tamizaje auditivo piloto y un examen médico preventivo estándar. Se evaluó la validez de constructo mediante Análisis Factorial Exploratorio y la consistencia interna con omega de McDonald (ω).
Resultados. Ambos procedimientos obtuvieron la misma solución de dos factores. El primer factor incluyó los ítems de “actitud afectiva”, “efectividad percibida”, “coherencia de la intervención” y “autoeficacia”; el segundo incluyó los ítems de “eticidad” y de “costo oportunidad”. El ítem de “carga” se eliminó por no presentar cargas factoriales significativas. El primer factor explicó 18.96% de la varianza del tamizaje auditivo y 26.28% del examen médico preventivo; el segundo, 14.97% y 20.44%, respectivamente. En fiabilidad, el instrumento mostró ω = 0.61 para el tamizaje auditivo y ω = 0.73, respectivamente.
Conclusión. El instrumento final está compuesto por seis ítems que evalúan constructos de aceptabilidad y un ítem de aceptabilidad general. Su estructura subyacente es de dos factores, y posee una alta fiabilidad externa y consistencia interna aceptable.
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