El efecto de diferentes intensidades de entrenamiento sobre el aumento de los niveles de adiponectina en ratones (Mus musculus) inducidos por alta fructosa

The Effect of Difference Training Intensity on Increased Adiponectin Levels in High-fructose-induced Mice (Mus musculus)

Publicado 2024-09-11

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Vol. 7 Núm. 1 (2025)
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Artículos de investigación
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Puspita DI, Rejeki PS, Sari GM, Munir M, Izzatunnisa N, Muhammad, et al. El efecto de diferentes intensidades de entrenamiento sobre el aumento de los niveles de adiponectina en ratones (Mus musculus) inducidos por alta fructosa. Rev. Investig. Innov. Cienc. Salud [Internet]. 2024 Sep. 11 [cited 2025 Jul. 5];7(1):1-16. Available from: https://riics.info/index.php/RCMC/article/view/314
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https://doi.org/10.46634/riics.314
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.

Dwi Indah Puspita
Airlangga University image/svg+xml
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7458-0922
Purwo Sri Rejeki
Airlangga University image/svg+xml
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6285-4058
Gadis Meinar Sari
Airlangga University image/svg+xml
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9178-8926
Misbakhul Munir
Airlangga University image/svg+xml
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9187-0447
Nabilah Izzatunnisa
Airlangga University image/svg+xml
Roles:  
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3103-8434
Mostrar biografía de los autores

Dwi Indah Puspita,

Sport Health Science; Faculty of Medicine; Universitas Airlangga; Surabaya; East Java; Indonesia.

Purwo Sri Rejeki,

Physiology Division; Department of Medical Physiology and Biochemistry; Faculty of Medicine; Universitas Airlangga; Surabaya; East Java; Indonesia.

Gadis Meinar Sari,

Physiology Division; Department of Medical Physiology and Biochemistry; Faculty of Medicine; Universitas Airlangga; Surabaya; East Java; Indonesia.

Misbakhul Munir,

Physiology Division; Department of Medical Physiology and Biochemistry; Faculty of Medicine; Universitas Airlangga; Surabaya; East Java; Indonesia.

Nabilah Izzatunnisa,

Medical Program; Faculty of Medicine; Universitas Airlangga; Surabaya; East Java; Indonesia.

Muhammad,

Department of Sport Coaching Education; Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences; Universitas Negeri Surabaya; Surabaya; East Java; Indonesia.

Shariff Halim,

Faculty of Health Sciences; University Technology MARA; Kepala Batas; Pulau Pinang; Malaysia.

Adi Pranoto,

Department of Sport Coaching Education; Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences; Universitas Negeri Surabaya; Surabaya; East Java; Indonesia.

Introducción. El consumo excesivo de fructosa se ha asociado con la aparición de la obesidad y una serie de disfunciones metabólicas. Se postula que el ejercicio físico es una intervención potente para mejorar las anomalías metabólicas inducidas por la obesidad, aparentemente a través del aumento de las concentraciones de adiponectina. Sin embargo, los mecanismos moleculares subyacentes a este efecto siguen sin comprenderse adecuadamente.

Objetivo. Este estudio tiene como objetivo demostrar el impacto de la intensidad del ejercicio en el aumento de los niveles de adiponectina en ratones inducidos por alto contenido en fructosa, destacando los mecanismos moleculares subyacentes.

Métodos. El experimento se realizó en 36 ratones machos (Mus musculus), de ±8 semanas de edad, con un peso corporal de ± 20 - 25 gramos, en condiciones saludables y sin defectos. Los ratones se dividieron aleatoriamente en cuatro grupos. El grupo control sin entrenamiento (CN; n = 9); el grupo de entrenamiento de natación de baja intensidad con una carga del 3% del peso corporal de los ratones (LI; n = 9); el grupo de entrenamiento de natación de intensidad moderada con una carga del 6% del peso corporal de los ratones (MI; n = 9); y el grupo de entrenamiento de natación de alta intensidad con una carga del 9% del peso corporal de los ratones (HI; n = 9). La frecuencia del entrenamiento de natación se llevó a cabo 3 veces/semana durante 8 semanas, y la duración del entrenamiento de natación se calculó como el 80% del tiempo máximo de natación en cada sesión. Todos los grupos recibieron una solución de fructosa al 30% por vía oral (ad libitum) durante 8 semanas. Los niveles de adiponectina se cuantificaron mediante ELISA. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante ANOVA de una vía y la prueba post hoc de Tukey HSD, con un umbral de significancia establecido en 5%.

Resultados. Los resultados indicaron una divergencia estadísticamente significativa en los niveles de adiponectina (p ≤ 0.001). El análisis post hoc de Tukey HSD reveló diferencias sustanciales entre CN y LI (p = 0.196), CN y MI (p = 0.0001), CN y HI (p = 0.001), LI y MI (p = 0.001), LI y HI (p = 0.001), y MI y HI (p = 0.001).

Conclusión. Este estudio encontró que el entrenamiento de natación de intensidad moderada fue más óptimo para aumentar los niveles de adiponectina en ratones inducidos por fructosa en comparación con los grupos de alta intensidad, baja intensidad y control. Además, esta investigación identificó vías moleculares específicas activadas por el entrenamiento de intensidad moderada, proporcionando nuevas perspectivas para intervenciones terapéuticas en la lucha contra las disfunciones metabólicas relacionadas con la obesidad.

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