Ejercicio Concurrente y Aeróbico sobre el Consumo Máximo de Oxígeno en Adultos con Obesidad: Protocolo de estudio para un ensayo controlado aleatorizado
Concurrent and Aerobic Exercise on Maximal Oxygen Consumption in Adults with Obesity: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
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Antecedentes. El ejercicio físico concurrente y el entrenamiento aeróbico son estrategias para tratar el sobrepeso y la obesidad. La mayoría de las intervenciones han usado máquinas cardiovasculares o de ejecución guiada, que frecuentemente implican materiales de alto costo no fácilmente accesibles para la población general.
Objetivo. Identificar el efecto de 12 semanas de ejercicio (entrenamiento concurrente vs. aeróbico), basado en el modelo de distribución de intensidad de entrenamiento polarizado, sobre el consumo máximo de oxígeno, la fuerza muscular y la composición corporal.
Materiales y métodos. Ensayo controlado aleatorizado con dos grupos, entrenamiento concurrente vs. aeróbico (n = 28), en personas con sobrepeso y obesidad. Ambos grupos realizarán 36 sesiones, 3 veces por semana, en días alternos.
Resultados. La evidencia actual no ha demostrado la superioridad del ejercicio concurrente frente al aeróbico sobre el VO2max, la fuerza muscular y la composición corporal. Además, los pocos estudios encontrados con ejercicio concurrente y las limitaciones metodológicas justifican en sus diseños la importancia de comparar ambos tipos de ejercicio y así identificar las mejores estrategias para las personas con sobrepeso y obesidad en relación con los desenlaces mencionados.
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