Carga vocal de los profesores universitarios: resultados preliminares

Vocal Load of University Professors: Preliminary Results

Publicado 2024-01-29 — Actualizado el 2024-02-03

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Vol. 6 Núm. 1 (2024)
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Carga vocal de los profesores universitarios: resultados preliminares. Rev. Investig. Innov. Cienc. Salud [Internet]. 2024 Feb. 3 [cited 2024 Nov. 24];6(1):73-97. Available from: https://riics.info/index.php/RCMC/article/view/241
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https://doi.org/10.46634/riics.241
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0.

Cristiane Lemos Carvalho de Oliveira
Graduate Program in Health, Environment and Work; School of Medicine; Federal University of Bahia; Salvador; Bahia; Brazil
    https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8179-5241
    Denise Nunes Viola
    Department of Statistics; Institute of Mathematics and Statistics; Federal University of Bahia; Salvador; Bahia; Brazil
      https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8458-9489
      Tarciane Machado Miranda
      Speech-Language-Pathology-Hearing Sciences Department; Multidisciplinary Institute of Rehabilitation and Health; Federal University of Bahia; Salvador; Bahia; Brazil
        https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2795-7809
        Marcelo Santos de Souza
        Speech-Language-Pathology-Hearing Sciences Department; Multidisciplinary Institute of Rehabilitation and Health; Federal University of Bahia; Salvador; Bahia; Brazil
          https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9122-5883
          Maria Lúcia Vaz Masson
          Graduate Program in Health, Environment and Work; School of Medicine; Federal University of Bahia; Salvador; Bahia; Brazil. / Speech-Language-Pathology-Hearing Sciences Department; Multidisciplinary Institute of Rehabilitation and Health; Federal University of Bahia; Salvador; Bahia; Brazil.
            https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0733-1753
            Mostrar biografía de los autores

            Objetivo. Describir las características acústicas, calidad vocal, fatiga y carga vocal de profesores universitarios.

            Métodos. Estudio exploratorio, observacional, longitudinal, descriptivo con un solo grupo de participantes y datos de monitoreo vocal durante dos semanas. Se realizó caracterización acústica de la sala, evaluación auditiva-perceptiva y acústica de muestras de voz antes y después de las clases. Se realizó dosimetría vocal durante las clases y se verificó el Índice de Fatiga Vocal (IFV) en dos semanas. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de los hallazgos y una prueba de aleatorización para verificar la confiabilidad interna del juez.

            Resultados. Todos los participantes informaron hablar en voz alta en clase, la mayoría informó cambios vocales en los últimos seis meses y solo uno informó cambios vocales actuales. La sala presentó mediciones y estimaciones acústicas fuera de las normas establecidas. Los profesores utilizaron intensidades vocales altas durante las clases. Hubo un aumento en los valores absolutos de los datos agrupados para CAPE-V, jitter y frecuencia fundamental, variando dentro de los límites normales, después de las clases. La intensidad después de las clases y el IFV, en la comparación entre las dos semanas, mostraron un aumento.

            Conclusiones. La dosis vocal y el IFV posiblemente se vieron afectados por la acústica del aula. El aumento del IFV medio entre semanas pudo deberse a la sensación de cansancio acumulada. Se sugieren nuevas investigaciones con un mayor número de participantes y que se realicen en la sala acondicionada acústicamente para evaluar propuestas de intervención colectiva, con el objetivo de reducir la carga vocal de los docentes.

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